Neurontin
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Neurontin has two uses. First, it may be prescribed with other medications to treat partial seizures (the type in which symptoms are limited). It can be used whether or not the seizures eventually become general and result in loss of consciousness. Second, it can be used to relieve the burning nerve pain that sometimes persists for months or even years after an attack of shingles (herpes zoster).
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Medications and Prescriptions
Generic name: Gabapentin
Product Brand Name: Neurontin
1. Why is this drug prescribed?
Neurontin has two uses. First, it may be prescribed with other medications to treat partial seizures (the type in which symptoms are limited). It can be used whether or not the seizures eventually become general and result in loss of consciousness. Second, it can be used to relieve the burning nerve pain that sometimes persists for months or even years after an attack of shingles (herpes zoster).
2. Most important fact about this drug
Take Neurontin exactly as directed by your doctor. To effectively control your seizures, it is important that you take Neurontin 3 times a day, approximately every 8 hours. You should not go longer than 12 hours without a dose of medication.
3. How should you take this medication?
Do not increase or decrease dosage of this medication without your doctor's approval; and do not suddenly stop taking it, as this may cause an increase in the frequency of your seizures. If you are taking an antacid such as Maalox, take Neurontin at least 2 hours after the antacid. You may take Neurontin with or without food.
--If you miss a dose... Try not to allow more than 12 hours to pass between doses. Do not double doses.
--Storage instructions.. Store capsules and tablets at room temperature. Keep the oral solution refrigerated.
4. What side effects may occur?
Side effects cannot be anticipated. If any develop or change in intensity, inform your doctor as soon as possible. Only your doctor can determine if it is safe for you to continue taking Neurontin.
· When taken for epilepsy, more common side effects may include:
Blurred, dimmed, or double vision, bronchitis (in children), dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, fever (in children), involuntary eye movement, itchy, runny nose, lack of muscular coordination, nausea, tremor, viral infection (in children), vomiting, weight increase (in children)
· When taken for nerve pain, more common side effects may include:
Accidental injury, constipation, diarrhea, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, headache, infection, lack of muscular coordination, nausea, swelling in arms and legs, vomiting, weakness
A wide variety of uncommon and rare side effects have also been reported. If you develop any new or unusual symptoms while taking Neurontin, be sure to let your doctor know.
5. Why should this drug not be prescribed?
You should not take Neurontin if you have ever had an allergic reaction to it.
6. Special warnings about this medication
Neurontin causes some people to become drowsy and less alert. Combining it with morphine makes this more likely. Do not drive or operate dangerous machinery or participate in any hazardous activity that requires full mental alertness until you are certain Neurontin does not have this effect on you. In children, Neurontin occasionally triggers behavioral problems such as unstable emotions, hostility, aggression, hyperactivity, and lack of concentration. However, such problems (if they occur) are usually mild. Be sure to tell your doctor if you have any kidney problems or are on hemodialysis, as your doctor will need to adjust your dosage of Neurontin. Tell your doctor about any medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs.
7. Possible food and drug interactions when taking this medication
If Neurontin is taken with certain other drugs, the effects of either can be increased, decreased, or altered. It is especially important to check with your doctor before combining Neurontin with the following:
Antacids such as Maalox
Hydrocodone (Lortab, Vicodin)
Naproxen (Naprosyn)
Morphine (Kadian, MS Contin)
8. Special information if you are pregnant or breastfeeding
The effects of Neurontin on pregnant women have not been adequately studied, although birth defects have occurred in babies whose mothers took an antiepileptic medication while they were pregnant. The drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. If you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant, tell your doctor immediately. This medication may appear in breast milk and could affect a nursing infant. It should be used by mothers who nurse their babies only if its benefits clearly outweigh the risks.
9. Recommended dosage
EPILEPSY
Adults and Children 12 Years and Over
The recommended starting dose is 300 milligrams three times a day. After that, the usual daily dosage ranges from 900 to 1,800 milligrams divided into 3 doses. If Neurontin is discontinued or another drug is added to therapy, your doctor will do this gradually, over a 1-week period.
Children 3 to 12 Years of Age
Daily dosage is calculated according to the child's weight. The usual starting dosage is 10 to 15 milligrams per 2.2 pounds. Dosage is then increased over a period of three days to 40 milligrams per 2.2 pounds for children aged 3 and 4, and 25 to 35 milligrams per 2.2 pounds for children aged 5 and over. The total daily dosage is taken as 3 smaller doses throughout the day.
PAIN FOLLOWING A SHINGLES ATTACK
Treatment typically starts with a single 300-milligram dose on the first day, two 300-milligram doses on the second day, and three 300-milligram doses on the third day. If necessary, the doctor may increase the daily total to as much as 1,800 milligrams, divided into three doses. Whether you are taking Neurontin for epilepsy or pain, the doctor will adjust the dosage downward if you have poor kidney function.
10. Overdosage
Any medication taken in excess can have serious consequences. If you suspect an overdose, seek medical treatment immediately.
· Symptoms of Neurontin overdose may include:
Diarrhea, double vision, drowsiness, lethargy, slurred speech
Caution! Before starting to take this medicine, it is vital that you should consult your doctor! Do not use it on your own initiative, without medical advice.
Neurontin is the brand name for the drug Gabapentin that is a GABA analogue. It was initially developed to treat epilepsy but now it is also widely used to relieve pain especially pain stemming from neuropathy. Neurontin was initially synthesized to replicate the chemical structure of gamma aminobutyric acid – a neurotransmitter but now it is not believed to work on the same brain receptors. How it works is still not known but the therapeutic action it has on neuropathic pain is believed to involve voltage gated N type calcium ion channels.Neurontin can be used to treat a wide variety of conditions and in view of this the FDA has categorically differentiated the accepted uses, the putative uses and the disputed uses of this drug.
If you have been using Neurontin for a long period of time, you must not discontinue it’s use abruptly. Sudden withdrawal of this drug can provoke a withdrawal syndrome such as is experienced in withdrawal from alcohol or benzodiazepine. You must gradually reduce the dosage over a few months or several weeks. There are a few adverse side effects associated with Neurontin. In adults, drowsiness, dizziness and extreme swelling is common if the drug is taken in high uncontrolled dozes. In children slight mood swings, concentration problems, and a tendency to become a little hostile and hyper active have been recorded Patients with renal impairment must use Neurontin under strict medical supervision due to the possibility accumulation and toxicity.
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